Building construction.



Nn.'7o4933. Y Patented sulyi, 1.902. r w. M. RILEY. i

BUILDING GONSTBUCTIOM.

(Appuwz'ion mea nec. so, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I (lin Model.)

No. 704,933. Patented IIy l5, |902.

W. M. RILEY.

, BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

(Application led Dec. 30, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Medef.)

N0. 704,933. Patented luly I5, i902.

- w. M. RILEY.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

(Application led Dec. 30, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No man.) 1

'iiiiI 'li II I@ I Mrmssms PETERS cu. PHoTo-Lrmu., wAsNmmN. D. c.

4o vention.

UNITED STATES? PATENT OEEICE.

WILLIAM M. RILEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BUILDINGCONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.-704,933,`dated l'uly15, 1902.

` Application filed December 30,1901. Serial No; 87,758. (No model.) v

To all whom, t 11i/ay concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. RILEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of llli-1 nois,have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in BuildingConstructions, of

which the following is a specification.

This'invention relates to improvements in ,building constructions,andwhile 'it is more` Io especially intended for use'in the erection orconstruction of floors and ceilings of` build:-

ings, yet it is applicable to other structures, such as bridges,platforms, and the like; and it consists in certain peculiarities of theconstruction, novel arrangement, and operation of the various partsthereof, as will be herenafter more fully set forth and specifically'claimed.

The principal objects of my invention are zo to dispense with the heavysteel I-beams 'generally nsedbetween the girders and walls and to givean equally strongk structure with a minimum amount of steel properly andscien-A titically placed in the concrete slab or ribs of thefiooror'structure and Vto provide a construction by means of which theweight thereof will be evenly or uniformly 4distributed from thetension-bars to the upper surface of' the structure.

3o Other objects and advantages of the invention will be disclosed inthe subjoined description and explanation.

In order to enable others skilled in theart to which my inventionpertainsto make and luse the same, I will now proceed to describe it,referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lisanisometrical View of a portion of a building embodying one'form ofmyin- Fig. 2 is a viewLpartlyvin section and partly in elevation, ofjayportion' of the ioor and. a part of one of the ribs thereof. Fig. 3 is asectional View taken online 3 3 of Fig. 1, butl showing the anchors inposition and the concrete slab provided Vwith a floor or cover ou itsupper surface. Fig. 4 is a similar View taken on the same line as Fig.3, but showing a modification in the manner of securing the tension-barsto the I-beam. Fig.

5o 5 is a perspective view of a portion of one of thetension-bars,showing the means for securing it to the wall of the building. Fig. 6

is an isometrical view of a portion of abuilding, illustratinganotherform of my invention. Figgfl is a cross-sectional. view throughone of the I-beams or girder's. Fig. 8 is a sectional .view of a portionofthe door and ceiling, showing the means forconstructing it with hollowchambers. Fig. 9 is a similar view of a like portion of the floorandceiling with the wooden core and supporting-platform removed. Fig.

'l0 is an isometrical View showing still another form of my invention.Fig. 11 is a cross-secftional View' throughtwo of the ribs thereof,

showing the girder in elevation; and Fig. l2 is a similarview taken atright angles to Fig. 11.

Similar letters refer to like partsV throughout the different views ofthe drawings.

A represents portions of the walls of a building or other structure,which may be of any suitablematerial and of the ordinary or anypreferred construction. To furnish these walls with a door or ceiling ora floor and ceiling, I erect a flat centering B of sufficient strengthto sustain the weight of the floor and to withstand ramming the concretewithout sagging or springing from a true line. Over this centering isspread a quantity of Portland cement mortar C about three quarters Vofan inch deep and not more than three four (4) feet wide at a time, whichlayer of cement should extend the entire length of the slab. On thislayer of cement mortar is laid parallel with one another the flattension-bars D, which are provided at suitable distances apart withopenings d to receive anchors d for the purposes to be presentlyexplained. A sheet of wire-cloth d2 is thenlaid overthe bars D, asshown, and is then covered with a quantity of rich Portland cementconcrete C', which is well and thoroughly rammed to a compact base. Theabove operation is repeated until the iioor or ceiling is completed.Before the concrete begins to take the initial set the` top surfacethereof may be finished smoothly with cement mort-ar or with wood stripsa, embedded therein, to which wooden ooring a may be nailed. Located inthe openings d of the tension-bars D, about a foot apart, are a seriesof bolts or anchors d", each of which is provided on its upper end witha head d3, which lies close to the upper surface of the iioor or slab.The lower ends of these bolts or anchors are fas'- Ico tened in place onthe tension-bars D by means of nuts d4, one above and one below saidbars, as is clearly shown in the drawings. These anchors extendingupwardly from the bars D will be firmly embedded in the concrete slab,and will thus prevent the said bars from slipping, and at the same timewill distribute the weight of the concrete or floor in a uniform manner,as is apparent. As the tension-bars are thus held from longitudinalmovement, it is unnecessary to secure the ends thereof except for thepurpose of tying the walls of the building, and to accomplish this theends of the bars are downturned, as at d5, (see Fig. 5,) to engage ironloops D', which are secured in the wall of the building, asis clearlyshown in Fig. l of the drawings. The opposite ends of the bars D fromthose which engage the loops D may be downturned, as at d6, to overlapthe I-beam D2, which may be embedded in a rib of concrete C2 andsupported by pillars or posts c, as shown'in Figs. 3 and 4 of thedrawings. Instead of turning the ends downwardly, as at d, to overlapthe upper portion of the I-beams, as shown in Fig. 4, I may turn themupwardly, as at d?, (see Fig. 3,) and secure them to the I-beam D2 bymeans of bolts, as shown in Fig. 3.

In Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, I have shown a combined iioor and ceilingwith air spaces or chambers therebetween and illustrated a modificationin the construction thereof, which comprises, as before, a series offlat tension-bars D, provided with upwardly-extending bolts or anchorse, which are clenched at their upper ends to engage transverse steelrods e in the upper portion or door-slab. In building the constructionnow under consideration a liatcentering supportB is employed, as in theabove-described construction, and a quantity of Portland cement mortar,about three-quarters of. an inch deep, is spread thereon over a spacesufficient for two or three of the fiat tension-bars, which bars arelayed on the layer of cement mortar, after which the wire-cloth d2 isplaced on the top of the bars and mortar and a quantity of rich Portlandconcrete, about one and one-half (1%) inches thick, is placed thereonand well rammed. Upon this layer C3, of concrete, is placed the woodencores F to form the ribs G, which are located above and longitudinallywith the tension-bars D, as is clearly shown in the drawings. The formsor cores F are provided at their upper outer perimeters with fillets fto form the offsets g on the upper ends of the concrete ribs G, whichoffsets are for the reception and retention of sheets g of corrugatedmetal, on the top of which is spread a quantity of rich Portland cementconcrete of the desired thickness.

By reference to Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings it will be seen andunderstood that the anchors or bolts e extend somewhat above the top ofthe ribs G and engage the transverse steel rods e in the upper or floorslab. After taken the nal set the said cores or forms are removed andthe light weight corrugated sheets of iron g are sprung into place, soas to be arched. The steel rods e and e2 are then placed in position,the former being crosswise of the tension-bars D and the latterlongitudinal therewith. The anchors or bolts e are then bent at theirupper ends, so as to'engage the said rods at their intersections, afterwhich the Portland-cement concrete above referred to is spread over thecorrugated-iron sheets and the tops of the ribs, after which it is Welltamped around the steel rods and brought to a true surface and rolledwith a heavy roller. This top surface may be iinished with cement,tiling, mosaic, or otherwise.

In Figs. 10 to. 12, inclusive, I have shown another form of my improvedbuilding construction, which is more especially adapted for use in millsor buildings of a similar character and which consists in employing aseries of at tension-bars D, provided with anchors or bolts e, asbefore, which anchors or bolts engage at their upper ends steel rods e,transversely located over the suspension-bars and in the iioorslab. Inbuilding this construction wood cores vor` forms of such size and shapeas will fill the spaces between the concrete beams G or ribs areemployed. These cores are supported on heavy planks laid flat onstuddings, (notshown,) the upper surface of said planks forming the lineof the bottom of the concrete ribs. The cores or forms are set aboutfour (Ll) inches apart at the bottom of the ribs; but said distanceshould be governed bythe length of the span. Between the said cores arelaid the flat tension-bars D of such dimensions as may be required, thesame to be regulated by the span or length of ribs. These bars areformed with openings d, as in the other constructions, and are providedwith anchors or rods e, the upper ends of which engage the steel rodse', as before stated, which rods are located in the lower part of theceiling, as shown.

From numerous practical experiments or tests with smooth straighttension-bars embedded in a concrete slab and then with tension-barsprovided with anchors shown in my constructions I have found that bymeans of my constructions, especially that shown in Fig. l of thedrawings, in clear spans of eighteen (18) feet between bearings or endsupports, a load or weight seven and a half (7s) times greater will besupported thereby than with the aforesaid smooth bars without theanchors.

From the foregoing and by reference to the drawings it will be seen andunderstood that by employing my construction all of the parts of themetal-work will be covered and protected by the concrete, thuspreventing corrosion and rendering the structure lireproof.

IIO

It is also apparent that my improved construction economizes inthe useof steel beams and aords a light and durable structure.

By experiments I have found that When the construction shown in Fig. lis employed it may be built in clear spans between bearings or supportsup to eighteen (18) feet and that when the constructions shown in Figs.6 and 8 are used it may be built in clear spans between bearings ofeighteen (18) feet up to forty (40) feet by increasing or decreasing thedepth of the ribs and area of metal in the lower iiat tension-bars.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claimas new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, isy 1. The combination with a number oftension-bars suitably supported at their ends, of a series ofupwardly-projecting anchors provided on their lower portions with nutslocated above and belowthe tension-bars and at their upper ends withengaging means, wire-cloth located in a horizontal plane above thesuspension-bars, and a mass of concrete or other plastic materialembedding said sion-bars suitably supported, of a series ofupwardly-projecting anchors, a number of rods located in a parallelplane with and above the suspension-bars and connected. to the upperends of the anchors, a mass of concrete or other plastic materialembedding said bars, v

rods and anchors and formed with air-chambers, sheets of metal locatedin the upper portion of the air-chambers, substantially as described.

WILLIAM M. RILEY. Witnesses:

CEAS. C. TILLMAN, A; GusrAFsoN.

